Pat Conroys The Lords Of Discipline Essay -- Lords Discipline Pat Con

Pat Conroy's The Lords Of Discipline Conroy shows his life through his novel, The Lords of Discipline, to give perusers a visual exhibit of how life associations can change the substance of a novel. Conroy's participation to the Citadel, his family, and the South helped impact his creative composing style. A lifetime in a Southern family nullified any likelihood that he [Will/Conroy] could leave the school under any conditions other than unequivocal disfavor (6). Conroy's family held a solid command over his will to disavow the difficulty of the Citadel. An unavoidable deference for his mom goes through the book as he announces her as being one of the fundamental reasons he keeps on remaining in the Institute, and the person who kept him in line through the two his childhood and his section to development. Her seriousness was delicate, however seriousness nonethelessâ… the order of my mom camouflaged itself in affection and delicacy and frequently held fa...

Investigating Criminal Justice And Forensic Science

Examining Criminal Justice And Forensic Science The primary field of criminal examination is legal science. It is generally imperative to comprehend to criminological science first. Scientific science is the use of the science to the crook and common laws that are upheld by police offices in a criminal equity framework (Richard S. 2007, page-5). Criminal examination is the assortment of data and proof for recognizing, catching and sentencing suspected guilty parties Professor Ralph F. Turner of Michigan State University likes: A criminal examination is the reproduction of the past occasion Either definition might be explained further by looking at the particular duties of the agent (James W.O. what's more, Richard H.W., 2000, page no. 5). This article will initially show the concise history of criminal examination then it will portray wrongdoing research facility including their fundamental and operational administrations. Finely we will talk about some significant innovation. The point of this exposition depicts criminal examinat ion previously and now because of expansion of new advances (see reference section 1.1). History of criminal examination Today many accept that Sir Arthur Conan Doyle had extensive effect on advocating logical wrongdoing location strategies through his anecdotal character Sherlock Holmes, who initially applied recently creating standards of serology (see addendum 1.1), fingerprinting, guns distinguishing proof and questions-reports assessment some time before their worth was first perceived and acknowledged by genuine criminal investigations(Richard S. 2007, page-5). Past sort of controlled affirmation didn't begin to develop until the eighteenth and nineteenth hundreds of years for wrongdoing, a period during which a lot of our advanced - day science understanding was simply beginning to be created. At that point new criminological term Toxicology was portrayed by Mathieu Orfila (1787-1853) in 1840 for his criminal examination. (White P.C. 2008, page - 2). What's more Bresler (1992) proposes that in Brussels during 1843 the police took the first since forever photo of a lawbreaker. In France mid 1879 Alphonse Bertillon (1853-1914) named for police in city of Paris to process archives record with portrayal of photos (Lan K. P., 2005 page-4), He additionally concocted the principal logical arrangement of individual distinguishing proof in 1879 in this framework he applied some arrangement of body estimations to recognize criminal and others. For not many decades it was acceptable strategy for criminal distinguishing proof after it takeover by fing erprinting almost 1900s, early his exertion make him Father of criminal recognizable proof (Richard S. 2007, page-6). Anyway it was first time in criminal examination and now criminological researchers utilize this outcome for mix of investigative estimation to separate between gatherings or to look at tests. Fingerprints turned out to be increasingly fruitful technique for individual distinguishing proof. It was Sir William Herschel, a British government worker in India and Henry Faulds got credit for early examination (White P.C. 2008, page-3). Francis Galton (1822-1911) First conclusive investigation of fingerprints and built up a system of arranging them for recording. He additionally distributed a book Finger Prints which placated the main measurable confirmation supporting the uniqueness of his strategy for individual distinguishing proof (Richard S. 2007, page-6). Then again up until 1900 it had been difficult to decide whether a blood test or stain was of human or creature s tarting point (White P.C. 2008, page-3). At that point Blood bunches procedure quickly applied to criminal examination in 1915 by Dr. Leone Letter (1887-1957). Before Dr. Karl Landsteiner found blood may arrange in sub classes as A, B, AB, and O. at that point comes to realize that, it very well may be utilize full for criminal recognizable proof (Richard S. 2007, page-6). Just as in 1910, Albert S. Osborn composed first book Questioned Documents. In this book he built up certain standards of reports investigation which is perceived by court. Aside from this a promoter Edmond Locard persuaded The Lyons Police office to begin police research center. His works was distinguished by measurable researcher and criminal agents then they bolster him become originator and chief of the foundation of Criminalistics at the University of Lyons. He felt that when a criminal engaged with crime so he can be related with wrongdoing by dust particles (Locard 's Exchange standard: at whatever point at least two items interact with each other, there is trade of material between them). For the benefit of this evidence criminal captured and feel remorseful himself in court. After first world-wore he was triumphs to concur some nation to assembled police research facility. Presently Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is greatest research center in world which is examining up to one million cases each year (Richard S. 2007, page-8). (See supplement 1.1, 1.3 and 1.4). Wrongdoing research facility for criminal examination Criminal research facilities are primarily evolved by offices which have planned reason to criminal examination or pushed by rising request of casework. This autonomous organizations expanded number of staff one representative to more than hundred and improved their office specifically heading. New innovation lead criminological researcher with different abilities and application to confront dynamic support in criminal judges framework. There are two primary essential and discretionary administrations gave by measurable labs. In fundamental administrations, right off the bat physical science unit examinations guideline of topography, physic and science to discover criminal with the assistance of wrongdoing scene confirmation (drugs, paint, soil, glass and touchy). Second is science unit which is currently a day's fundamentally liable for DNA Profiling. They took DNA from different sources (like hair, blood, skin, spit and that's only the tip of the iceberg) and lead to capture right lawbreaker. Thirdly guns unit, they search for focus of edge, which arms have been utilized. At that point records inspect unit, investigate penmanship, connection among paper and ink. Finely photography unit, new method like x-beam, bright and advanced photography carry imperceptible things to in proof. Other operational administrations are toxicology unit, Latent fingerprinting unit, polygraph unit, voiceprint examination unit and wrongdoing scene examination (Richard S. 2007, page-13). We will examine in detail in next scarcely any sections and how it have changed with time. (See informative supplement 1.1). Procedure and innovation engaged with criminal strengthening and how it created with time Legal proof beginnings at the scene if proofs are unrecognized or handle without care at the scene, the majority of research center investigation will be not able to distinguish honest evidence for wrongdoing and scene cannot be return to for more exertion to archived other verification. There are a few people required for duty this errand, which are cops, investigators, wrongdoing scene analyst, logical help official, or measurable researcher. In nineteenth century, specialized backings were rising a direct result of first most significant work was recognized and recorded by Gross in a book Criminal Investigation for the significance of deliberate methodologies then his work was additionally impacts this time for craft of wrongdoing discoveries. Significance of substance confirmation was first observe by Locard (See addendum 1.1) which can give connects in arrangement of verification and on account of him in twentieth century, the enormous bounce forward in logical procedure and ele ctronic upset in each part of science to encourage Locard follow evidence which can be glass, strands, soil, blood, hair, and some more. This confirmation we can incorporate as physical proof. (White P.C. 2008, page - 21). Yet, it is unworkable to gather everything from wrongdoing site. The accomplished agent notable to perceived significant article and how it very well may be utilized as a proof of wrongdoing and how field master can investigation this thing in research center. There is some normal kinds of physical proof, right off the bat blood, semen and spit; with this examples they recognize it's human or creature (see reference section 1.1) in past yet now with this verification a scientist can depict right criminal with the assistance of DNA(See informative supplement 1.2). Second is, reports, to dissect penmanship, connection among paper and ink and some more viewpoints. There are numerous physical proof like this which are; hazardous, drugs, strands, fingerprinting, guns, glass, hair, impressions, paint, oil based good, plastic and different polymers, sequential number, vehicle light, wood and some more. This all physical proof has their bit of history (Richard S. 2007, page-70). To recognize this all physical proof magnifying instrument have large commitment. Magnifying lens is a gadget which can grow and resolve the physical proof to recognize certainty behind wrongdoing. A large portion of physical proof is distinguish in wrongdoing lab by magnifying lens and it was the most punctual strategy for scientific science so in a past filled with criminal examination it has significant commitment to explain numerous violations from light magnifying lens to new Morden electron magnifying lens. In the event that any development in amazing examining, at that point Morden electronic magnifying lens secure connect new angle in scientific science. Help of the magnifying instrument, legal researchers examinations hair, fiber and paint (Richard S. 2007, page-180 ). As indicated by Locard (See supplement 1.1) physical proof twisted among individuals and during the hour of wrongdoing. This physical proof is investigated in criminal research center to discover criminal. So hair is likewise a physical proof to portray criminal, with hair we can discover DNA of criminal (See addendum 1.2). At that point fiber can be hotspot for criminal distinguishing proof. Finely paint, condition have uncountable thing whose surfaces are painted. It's not stunning to perceived paint. That is the reason it's most settled sort of physical proof by the criminological lab (Richard S. 2007, page-208 and 233). A few understudies of Orfila's returned nineteenth century to United Kingdom. They balanced out toxicology subject in their home college under power of legal medication. A toxicology administration given by college measurable doctor

Best training Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Best preparing - Essay Example Explanation behind Ranking PNC and BB&T Banks top in Training Indeed, the explanation clarifying the high-positioning of the PNC and BB&T banks was their capacity to grasp innovation in preparing. Unequivocally, when the PNC bank robotized the credit procedure and embraced the electronic framework, they began the program that encouraged web based learning (Guerrie, 2008). Accordingly, the clients needed to change in accordance with the new innovation through virtual learning. Essentially, the framework expanded the quantity of students, in this way, making the bank an escalated money related preparing establishment. Because of the intricate learning, the bank consolidated the specialists in defining the preparation plan (Guerrie, 2008). Actually, the finished preparing configuration was in time, viable and exceptionally fruitful. In BB&T bank, their aim of building up the transferable and pertinent learning innovation made them a trustworthy preparing establishment. Indee d, the framework was a creative method of guaranteeing that the workers accomplished greatness through learning. Likewise, the innovative preparing would help in coordinating the vision, values and the business systems (Guerrie, 2008). The methodology was extremely innovative and proposed to make the organization extraordinary. Evidently, the innovative and mechanical way to deal with the way toward preparing, made the PNC and BB&T banks meet the most elevated evaluations. ... Too, the preparation improved the laborers execution, as far as proficiency and adequacy in the creation procedure (Guerrie, 2008). The electronic framework that the two partnerships grasped supplanted the manual tasks, making the administration conveyance quicker and right. What's more, the innovation utilized a large portion of the apparatuses utilized in the organizations and improved the relations among the representatives, the clients and the partners working with the companies. In those viewpoints, the two enterprises tied their preparation and improvement, explicitly, to their vital objectives, corporate objectives and the serious edge to their rivals in the market. Ways where the Companies Represent the Best Practice Organizations for Learning and Development Notable, the paper has sketched out that learning and advancement are reciprocal, implying that one exist to supplement the other. For instance, preparing encourages the advancement of a company. In this unique situation , the PNC and BB&T Banks speak to the best practice associations for preparing and advancement, explicitly in connection through embracing the act of innovative preparing. To be sure, the mechanical way to deal with preparing the laborers is a cutting edge practice that improves productivity and adequacy of the work (Guerrie, 2008). Using innovation, the partnerships meet exactness and brief execution of obligations. Frequently, the application that targets accomplishing the hierarchical objectives is the best practice that it should grasp (Guerrie, 2008). For instance, the preparation that the laborers got formed their presentation culture to coordinate the current hierarchical needs. In addition, the preparation empowered the administration to fixate on the change

Life Span Perspective Paper free essay sample

In the accompanying record a clarification of the life expectancy viewpoint of improvement will result. Synopsis of two hypotheses of life expectancy improvement will be elucidated. The author will explain how heredity and the earth collaborate to create singular contrasts being developed. Clarify the Life Span Perspective of Development The life expectancy point of view of improvement looks to examine advancement throughout presence. Understanding the progressions that happen all through life from unpretentious to touchy is the motivation behind this perspective. So as to esteem and grasp the life expectancy viewpoint the five attributes of improvement are introduced: multidirectional (changes happen every which way yet consistently in an orderly fashion), multicontextual (Life is implanted with numerous setting including family, history, and monetary conditions), multicultural (Cultural contrasts have an influence even intercontinental), multidisciplinary (Scientific controls including however not restricted to brain science, science, and training), and plastic (Any quality in any individual can be adjusted anytime being developed). We will compose a custom exposition test on Life expectancy Perspective Paper or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Inside this structure the dynamic idea of life can be read esteemed and recorded for present and future significance. How and why we change as we develop and progress through life further characterizes improvement (Berger, 2008, p. 22). Sum up Two Theories of Life Span Development. Two significant hypotheses of life expectancy advancement are Dynamic Systems hypothesis and Sociocultural hypothesis. Dynamic frameworks hypothesis is an assessment of individual advancement as always changing; presence is the antiquity of steady interface between the substantial and expressive being and in the midst of the character and all aspects of their environmental factors, along with the family members and society. Flimsiness is nonstop, and every variation impact all the others (Berger, 2008, p. 5). Dynamic frameworks hypothesis catches the association of an individual with their condition and the constant opportunities for change during the collaboration. Sociocultural hypothesis is rising hypothesis that demonstrates improvement results from the dynamic interface in the midst of every individual and the encompassing social and social effects (Berger, 2008 p. 46). Sociocultural is certifiably not a total hypothesis however provides a way to expanded cognizance of advancement. Clarify How Heredity and the Environment Interact to Produce Individual Differences in Development. Heredity as characterized by Encyclopedia Britannica is the aggregate of every natural procedure by which specific qualities are transmitted from guardians to their posterity (http://www. britannica. com/EBchecked/theme/262934/heredity). Heredity takes the qualities from the pool gave by the tribal line of each parent and structures attributes that will choose the attributes of the posterity. Nature depicts the area, encompassing components, impacts, and conditions. The portrayal of condition must be extended to incorporate nature and social and social powers (http://word reference. reference. com/peruse/condition). The two synergize or are associated over the life expectancy of the individual, molding, shaping and influencing beneficial encounters. Heredity frames a base of reference and nature gives a unique life-scape of intuitive turn of events. Each individual that is met in passing can change the existence way. For instance; the center school math instructor that demonstrated an individual can do anything. One explicit biological occasion can modify the course also. For instance; the downpour storm that brought about a person’s first perspective on a rainbow. The influence can be negligible, unpredictable or have no outcome by any stretch of the imagination. The result of these occasions or exposures are reliant (in no little part) on the heredity channel in which they are experienced through. That is the dynamic idea of the individual contrasts being developed. End In this archive a clarification of the life expectancy point of view of improvement has been given. Rundown of two speculations of life expectancy improvement has occurred. The author has explained how heredity and the earth cooperate to deliver singular contrasts being developed.

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 16

Rundown - Essay Example People, for example, Francis L. Lawrence have been communicated to the specifications evading bias because of his articulation. Francis L. Lawrence once communicated that blacks were the most burdened and needed hereditary genetic to justify any higher bit of leeway. Craig Rogers likewise recorded a costly case about her lesbian educator of brain research for leaving her inclination rapped and furthermore caught. Learning establishments have detailed procedures to guarantee no resilience to partiality of any way running from bigotry to Christian slamming. This has been actualized to guarantee that the general public is great for the apparent minorities. By opposing each component of partiality, it doesn't delineate that the racial perspective doesn't exist in each person. In any case scholarly pluralism ought to be grasped to allow regard of articulation of each person. Just when bigotry and different types of partiality are erased, The concealment of bias focuses on when there will be an all out conviction among people in the general public that there is no distinction in human starting point, an arrangement that is even questioned still. The creator expresses that, â€Å"I uncertainty such a day will ever arrive.† The sentiment of isolation is repetitive in human and ought to be stifled inevitably. In the event that an absolute opportunity exists, individuals will be real in their di fferent musings, for example, madness of the gay people, their obstruction to multiplication and the questions they force on individuals. Besides, as the endeavors are outfitted towards getting rid of the preference it is understood that no much accomplishment are achieved and thus the conditions intensify. In this manner, it is savvy to begin thinking and executing the aspects of bias to the detriment of killing them. Bias has created a lot of turmoil in the general public and negative behavior patterns in the general public, for example, homosexuality profit by the approaches and restricting homosexuality is a preference to the gathering. For example the understudy

How to Figure Out Exactly What to Charge for Your Freelance Work

How to Figure Out Exactly What to Charge for Your Freelance Work Mark and Dan are highly skilled freelance writers. Both of them make $5,000 per month on average. Their skill levels and the quality of their work are at par.Yet, there is a huge difference in their lifestyles.Mark works 60+ hours every week, with his time divided between several clients.He barely gets time to spend with his family. The last vacation he took was three years ago. There is simply no time for such things. He knows he has to sacrifice such luxuries in order earn a decent income.Dan’s lifestyle is the complete opposite of Mark’s. Mark only works 25 hours each week, with his time divided between just two clients.Working only 25 hours a week, he has ample time to spend with his young kids. He even has time to take a one month long vacation every year. Dan is actually living the freelancer’s dream!How is it even possible for two freelance writers with equal skills and equal quality of work to have such different lifestyles?The answer lies in their pricing strategies. M ark believes that freelancing is a competitive industry, and therefore his charges low rates in order to attract more clients. This means that he has to put in a lot of time in his work in order to earn a decent income.Dan, on the other hand, knows the value of his work. Instead of pricing his services competitively, he charges premium rates for his services.With his higher rates, he gets higher quality clients and only has to work a few hours each day to sustain himself and his family.In the last couple of years, freelancing has become an attractive working model, and a huge number of people are ditching full time employment in favor of freelancing.By 2016, 35% of the US workforce were freelancers, with the number set to hit 42% by 2020. Freelancing gives you the freedom to choose your own schedule, be your own boss, and choose the kind of projects you want to work on.Despite its benefits, most professionals who switch to freelancing find themselves with one huge challenge â€" how to price their services.With freelancing, there is no guaranteed monthly income. You can make thousands of dollars one month and make nothing the following month. You are responsible for costs like your health insurance, taxes and licenses.You are also responsible for other costs associated with running your freelance business, such as purchase of equipment and materials, marketing, and so on.All these are factors you need to put into consideration when coming up with your freelance rates, and if you are just starting out, it can all be a bit confusing.Because of this, most new freelancers experience a moment of dread and anxiety when a client asks the following question: “So, how much do you charge for your services?”THE TWO MAJOR PRICING MODELS FOR FREELANCERS As a freelancer, there are two major pricing models that you can use for you services â€" hourly pricing and project based (fixed) pricing.Hourly PricingThis is the most common method for freelancers who are just startin g out, because this model is quite simplistic. With this method, you come up with an hourly rate for your work and then multiply that by the number of hours you will spend doing the work.You can use different methods to come up with your hourly rate.My preferred method for setting an hourly rate is to first decide the amount of money you want to earn in a year and then divide it by the number of billable hours you will spend working.For instance, if you want to earn $60,000 dollars a year, that means you should earn $5,000 each month. If you intend to work for 40 billable hours each week, then you need to charge $125 per hour.In this case, if a client gives you a project that takes you ten hours, you would then charge them $1,250 for the project. A good way of making the hourly pricing model work well for you and the client is to use time tracking software to track the amount of time you spend working on the client’s project.Hourly pricing is a good model you do not know how long the project is going to take you. For instance, if the client is not very sure of the scope of the project, meaning that there will be change of plans and numerous revisions, the hourly pricing keeps you protected.Even if some work is halted midway and has to be redone, you still get paid for the work you put in.Similarly, if you are offering a new service and cannot make an accurate estimate for how long it is going to take you, hourly pricing is the best option for you. This is why most freelancers who are just starting out might prefer using this model.Unfortunately, the hourly pricing model is limiting. As you become more experienced and better at your work, you will generally become more efficient. You start utilizing better tools and systems, you learn a few shortcuts here and there, you learn new tricks, and so on.As a result, you become faster in your work.You start doing in a few hours something that would initially take you a whole day. The quality of your work also improv es. With the hourly pricing model, this becomes a disadvantage for you. Despite becoming more efficient in your work and producing a higher quality of work, you start earning less because you spend less time doing the work.In addition, you need to realize that clients don’t generally pay you for the amount of hours you work. In most cases, clients pay you for the value you provide. They don’t care if something takes you thirty minutes or ten hours, so long as it is done by the time they want it and that it satisfies their needs.By charging an hourly rate, you limit yourself â€" there is only so much you can justify charging per hour.However, by switching to a project based pricing model, you can charge much higher rates, not based on the amount of time spent on the project, but by the value you provide.Most clients won’t have a problem paying higher rates so long as the quality of your work is proportionate to your rates.Project-Based (Fixed) PricingWith this model, the freela ncer charges a fixed rate for the entire project. With this model, instead of basing your fee on the number of hours spent working, your fee is based on the end result that you deliver, which is what the client cares about anyway.This is my preferred pricing model, because with this model, you don’t have to worry about earning less by becoming more efficient. This model allows you to earn more while working less.When coming up with a fixed rate fee for your service, there are two things you need to consider. The first one is the amount of work that needs to be done. It is good not to confuse the amount of work that needs to be done with the time spent doing the work.For example, if you are a web designer, your client might need a website with a number of features. Setting up some of these features might be an automated process that takes you no time, but you should still factor it in your pricing since it is a service that actually needs to be done.In this case, you would be charg ing for your knowledge, not for the time spent doing the work.The second thing you need to consider when setting your fixed rate fee is the actual value you are delivering for the client. To do this, you need to be aware how exactly your service helps your clients.For instance, if you are a freelance copywriter and you know that your copy will help the client bring in $100,000 in sales, it would be very easy to justify a $1000 fee for creating ad copy. By showing clients the potential ROI for your services, you stand at a better position to command higher rates for your services.FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHEN DETERMINING EXACTLY WHAT TO CHARGE FOR YOUR SERVICESOver the course of my freelancing career, I have come to the conclusion that the best approach when it comes to your freelance rates is to remain flexible. Regardless of the pricing model you opt to work with, you stand to gain more by adjusting your rates to the client and their specific project.It doesn’t make much sense chargin g a huge multinational company the same rates you would charge a one man startup.Similarly, it doesn’t make much sense charging the same rates for an overly creative project that requires specific knowledge as you would charge for a general, straightforward project that can be done by anyone within your industry.In spite of this flexibility, there are a number of factors and criteria you need to keep in mind when coming up with your rates. These include:Your Living And Business ExpensesWhen on full time employment, most of the costs of running the business are taken care of by your employer. Once you decide to freelance, you will have to cater for all these costs and expenses from your pocket.Therefore, you have to put these costs and expenses into consideration when setting a rate for your services. In particular, you need to think about costs such as hosting for your website, subscriptions for any business tools and services you are going to use, internet, telephone and other ut ility costs, travel expenses if your work requires traveling, office equipment like computers, business insurance and licensing fees, and professional membership fees, taxes, and marketing and advertising costs.In addition, you should make sure that your rates allow you to earn enough to cover your living expenses.How Much The Client Is Willing To Pay I mentioned earlier that the best approach is to charge different rates to different clients. For you to do this, you have to be able to evaluate how much the client is expecting to pay for a service.Let’s consider a situation where you have two clients with similar projects.However, there is a difference between the two clients. One client is the proprietor of startup. This client funded the startup from his own pocket, and therefore does not have a huge budget to play with. His budget for the project is $4,000 $5,000. After discussing the project with the client, you realize that you can do it profitably for $5,000.The other clien t is the executive of a huge multinational company with deep pockets. Their budget for the project is $10,000 $15,000. Since the two projects are similar, should you charge both of them $5,000?Charging the multinational the same figure you charged the startup can be bad for your business, and here is why.The executive from the multinational did not just wake up and randomly pick the $10,000 $15,000 budget. They probably did some research about the project and concluded that the kind of service they require is within that price range.Such clients know the kind of work they want and they have no problem forking out a large sum of money to get it. By giving them a quote that is way below their budget, you might be unwittingly sending the message that your work is not worth what they have in mind.The multinational might pass you over, not because you are not qualified, but because they don’t want to take their chances on a cheap freelancer who might end up delivering subpar work.A g ood way to find what the client is willing to pay is to simply ask them if they have a budget for the project. This provides you with a rough idea of what the client might be willing to pay for your services.However, some clients will not be so willing to disclose their budget.Another way of estimating what a client might be willing to pay is to find out as much as you can about the client. What kind of organization does he or she represent? Is it a startup, a non-profit, or a larger organization?Visit their website and do some research about the organization.In most cases, I find that the larger the organization, the more likely they are to be willing to part with a higher amount.Finally, you should also consider the type of work the client requires. The bigger and more demanding a client’s project is, the higher the fee you should demand for it.What Value Are You Providing To The Client?It does not make much sense to charge a client $100 for a service that will help them make or save $10,000, does it? To make sure you are getting the most out of your work, you should consider its value to the client. What does the client stand to gain from your work?Value is directly tied to a problem.What problem is the client trying to solve using your service?To use value as a factor in your pricing, it is good to try and gain as much information as possible about the client’s problem. Is the client trying to make or save money? If so, how much will they make or serve once you provide your service?You should keep in mind that value differs from client to client, which further justifies why you need to adjust your rates depending on the client and their project.Let’s go back to our earlier example to see how this works. Let’s assume that the project that both of them wanted was a website where they could showcase their products and respond to customer enquiries.The first client, being a startup, might be trying to get their first few clients. They figure that with a website, they might increase their revenue by $15,000 $20,000. In this case, charging them $5,000 is sensible because they know they will recoup their money. This client would not be willing to pay $10,000 for the website, since the ROI on the website would not be much.On the other hand, the multinational company might have realized that they are losing over $100,000 in potential sales because they don’t have a website. Therefore, this client will have no problem forking out $15,000 for the website because it will bring in a lot more value for them.The more you can emphasize the value of your service to the client, the higher your earning potential.Your ExperienceAnother thing you need to consider when setting your freelance rates is your expertise and experience. As a freelancer, clients might not have the same confidence in you as they might have in companies or agencies.Clients do not know what you can do and might consider working with you as a gamble. Therefore, if you are just starting out, you might need to charge lower for your services as you build a portfolio and find your first few clients.However, once you have built a persuasive portfolio and increased your expertise, you can charge higher fees. With a portfolio, you give clients the confidence that you will actually deliver since they can already see examples of your work.You should also keep in mind that, as a freelancer, you are selling your specialized skills and knowledge. It therefore makes sense for you to charge higher rates as you continue improving your skills and expertise.Don’t Use Price As A Marketing StrategyOne of the biggest mistakes I have seen freelancers make when deciding what to charge for their work is using price as a marketing strategy. They assume that clients go for the cheapest freelancers, and they therefore price their services competitively thinking that they will attract more clients.Spoiler alert!This strategy does not work.Using low prices as your key strate gy for attracting clients is ineffective because there will always be someone charging less than you. Freelancers who follow this route find themselves in a quick race to the bottom.With this strategy, you won’t earn enough to sustain yourself, and you will end up slaving all the time to make ends up, taking you further away from the freedom you were seeking by becoming a freelancer.In addition, clients know that they get what they pay for. Good clients avoid cheap freelancers because they know the quality of work will be cheap as well. This is why freelancers who try to compete based on price end up with the worst clients who are trying to get the most for least.The best clients who value your work are not primarily looking for a good deal. They are looking for a competent freelancer who will do what they want and do it well. They have no problem paying high prices to get the quality of work they want.By pricing yourself too low, you are basically signaling to these clients that you are not a high quality freelancer.Look at it this way, if you went to buy an iPhone X and found one going for $250, would you buy it?At that price, you would assume it’s a knock off and leave it. The same counts for your work. This does not mean that you should charge an insanely high figure for your services either. Your freelance rate should not be about how much money you can get from the client.It should be about how much value you can offer your clients. The quality of your work should be able to justify whatever amount you decide to charge for your services.WRAPPING UPThere are no hard and fast rules about how to figure out exactly what to charge for your freelance work. The best approach is to have flexible rates depending on your client and their project.There is nothing wrong with charging different rates to different clients.However, before you answer the question “how much do you charge for your services?” make sure that you have considered all the factors discu ssed above.Finally, you should not be afraid to experiment a bit until you figure out a price point that works best for you and your clients.

7 Branding Mistakes Your Company Should Avoid

Your brand is your promise, and it's important that you build it thoughtfully and deliberately. A brand has never been successfully established by simply uploading a good-looking logo and writing a few lines on social platforms. To create a real identity, brands have to invest a lot of time and effort. There's research to be done, competitors to be identified, and expert professionals to be consulted. Every business should learn what branding is and why it's needed. Whether you're starting a new business or have already established one, mistakes are unavoidable. However, here are 7 mistakes brands make that you'd be wise to avoid. Brand management is evolving rapidly. Are you prepared? Learn more in our free eBook. 1. Failure to research the competition This is especially important if you are a new business. Researching the competition helps you understand what established businesses in your industry have done: where they have failed, where they have succeeded and where you can give your brand an advantage. Your research should include products, services, target audiences, websites and social platforms. If you don't, this could trip you up in two ways: first, being unable to judge the competition properly and second, replicating a competitor's strategies without truly understanding them. 2. Failure to understand your target audience Before you start selling or even pitching, you've got to understand what kind of audience you're speaking to. You should understand their demands, their expectations, the things they identify with and the kinds of brands they favor. Once you do find your target audience, branding and messaging will get a lot easier. 3. Taking feedback from the wrong sources Depending on the type of product or service you're looking to sell and the market you want to cover, you'll need to take feedback from the right sources. Limiting your sources to positive reviews won't help you set or measure appropriate goals. Friends, family members, employees and relatives might give you positive reviews no matter what, so think before accepting reviews from them. For any modern brand, the best platform for reviews includes both social media and review sites. 4. It's not just about logo redesign As already stated, branding's not just about a logo or a tagline. Branding constitutes everything that you represent—even your company's voice and the style of content you create. You will find an audience when you have a competitive advantage and a distinct style. Without that, there's no value! Some companies rebrand and spend thousands of dollars on logo redesign but not enough on other brand assets. For example, an online fashion brand can't boost sales by just changing its logo design. To build a profitable e-commerce brand, it should focus on its customer care team, product quality, advertising (both online and offline), competitive pricing, and many other factors. Here's a real-world example. When Marissa Mayer became Yahoo's CEO, she decided to change the logo of the company. It made for big hype among the users, marketers, bloggers and everyone else. But when Yahoo finally unveiled its new logo, all expectations were crushed. It wasn't terrible... but it wasn't exciting, either. It turned out to be just a minor change that didn't bring any significant growth to the Yahoo brand. 5. Inconsistency Brand consistency has a tremendous impact on your business. Consistency helps build familiarity, loyalty and eventually, credibility. Be consistent with your promotions, personality, communication and every other interaction you make with your audience. For example, Coca-Cola might just be the most consistent brand in history. Its logo has hardly changed in 130 years. Everyone recognizes its fun-in-the-sun summer campaigns and heartwarming Christmas campaigns. The brand has built such loyalty that no other soda can beat it—even when Pepsi famously won blind taste tests with consumers. Now in the digital age, Coca-Cola has built a huge audience of followers on social media, so it's quite easy to reach its target audience wherever they may be. 6. Not focusing on first impressions There's no logic in trying to get an audience before you've established what your brand is about. Branding is the first step to entering the marketplace, and you should prioritize it before trying to make money. The first impression is always the product packaging design—the first point of contact between your brand and the customer. Don't be in a hurry to change the packaging design of your products. Sometimes, it might cost you a fortune. In 2009, Tropicana changed its packaging design and invested $35 million in advertising. Later, consumers rejected the new packaging and Tropicana recorded a loss of $30 million. Pretty quickly, the company decided to revert back to the old packaging design. 7. Not having a Plan B There are many businesses that think a brand is something you establish and then it takes care of itself. Today, that's completely untrue. You should constantly refine and revise your offerings to deliver better quality and adapt to the changing needs of the market. Not all branding strategies will work the first time. In those instances, you need to be ready with a second plan to ensure that recovery is immediate. Managing a brand is not an easy thing. But you must always understand that your business is more than just its products and services. Success depends on the way you shape the experience of your customers. This is what defines your brand identity. Once you've established trust in your brand, you'll never want to look back. See how Lucidpress's cloud-based brand management software can streamline your marketing efforts.

Essay On Masculinity - 1259 Words

Differences in gender roles of men and women have been a topic of debate for years. People argue whether there is still masculinity and femininity in today’s society. Masculinity can be defined as being protective, aggressive, assertive, competitive, confident, and independent (Gordon). Femininity can be defined as being honest, loving, kind, empathetic, and nurturing (Dalla-Camina). Masculinity is mainly found in men and femininity is mainly found in women. These differences in gender play a vital role in the workforce. Men and women should have different jobs in the workforce, but there are exceptions. Men and women should have different jobs because of the way their brains work. Brain studies have shown the differences in the†¦show more content†¦Men understand exact sciences, which means that they easily understand data that is given to them and can use it. Women understand social sciences, which means that they understand people and how to act around them (â€Å"Male Brain vs. Female Brain†). As well as brain structure, physical structure plays a role in the jobs of men and women. Men and women can find strength in jobs by how they are built physically. Men are naturally built heavier and stronger than women. This allows for men to complete jobs that involve brute strength. Some of these jobs include being a crew member on a ship, train, or plane. Women don’t normally have as much muscle as men do, they are daintier. A role that women have is to be a mother of her family which involves caring for her children. When children are young, it is best to be gentle with them since they are so fragile. A mother is physically built so that she doesn’t have to worry about crushing a newborn child. This makes women the best choice for nurses who deal with newborn babies. Along with physical structure, how men and women work with or without others can help distinguish jobs meant for them. Different kinds of jobs require you to work with or without people. Men are more inclined to work by themselves rather than with others. This is the case because men tend to work in moreShow MoreRelatedEssay on Masculinity and Race1594 Words   |  7 PagesMasculinity and Race Historically, masculinity in the United States has been constructed as being White Protestant Anglo-Saxon, furthermore heterosexual and in charge of all matters, and this definition sets standards against which other men are measured an evaluated. Michael Kimmel provides a good definition: [†¦], Young, married, white, urban heterosexual, Protestant father of college education, fully employed, of good complexion, weight and height and a recent record in sports(271). Read MoreMasculinity Essay1693 Words   |  7 PagesMasculinity refers to the possession of character traits which are usually associated with men. Masculinity is also referred to as manhood, boyhood or manliness. Examples of character traits which are traditionally cited as masculine include characters such as courage, the fact or state of being independent, and confident and forceful behavior. Through masculinity, it has become almost self-evident that the state of either being a man or woman has become impossible to disentangle in the process ofRead MoreMasculinity Essay1321 Words   |  6 PagesConstruction of Masculinity According to Connell, there are four masculinities present in our society: hegemonic, complicit, marginalized, and subordinate. Hegemonic masculinity is the dominant form of masculinity in society. It is culturally valued as the most type of masculinity. Connell states that the qualities of hegemonic masculinity include heterosexuality, whiteness, physical strength, and suppression of emotions. When men do not fit the characteristics of hegemonic masculinity but they do notRead MoreEssay On Masculinity972 Words   |  4 Pages as well as other students. There is a focus on masculinity, along with behavior and how that behavior is being influenced by the environment. The article focuses on factors such as peer exclusion, the prevalence of violence in the media and most importantly, violence in relation to gender. . In relation to gender, masculinity plays a crucial role in shaping ego and self-esteem. While answering the question â€Å"how does violence relate to masculinity?† it is important that we examine the pressuresRead MoreMasculinity Essay989 Words   |  4 PagesMain idea: High school boys practice compulsive heterosexuality to ensure their masculinity and social status. Compulsive heterosexuality is not particularly associated with sexual orientations, but more to do with behaviors, social interactions, and institutional structures. Male students expressed and measured their masculinity by objectifying girls and their bodies, relentless remarks about sexual conquests, desiring girls, and desired by girls. Being in control of girls’ bodies, overpoweringRead MoreMasculinity Essay1619 Words   |  7 Pages Three common stereotypes associated with masculinity would be self-confidence, aggressiveness, and insensitivity. Self-confidence is a positive trait that men are a ssociated with, however, it can also be a negative trait. Many men are self-confident which helps their self-esteem and boosts their mental image of themselves. Those men who are not self-confident may feel that the stereotype negatively impacts them they may feel like they are not â€Å"man† enough. Men and boys are often stereotyped as beingRead MoreOthello and His Masculinity Essay863 Words   |  4 Pagesl ‘Be a man’, how are ideas of masculinity presented in Othello. Othello is set during the Elizabethan era, where men were considered to be the leaders and women their inferiors. Women were often regarded as the ‘weaker sex’. This patriarchal society and theme of male superiority is portrayed throughout the play. These themes are depicted through the relationships between the characters. Brabantio and Desdemona’s relationship shows how he believed the traditional Elizabethan view, that men wereRead MoreMasculinity Brokeback Mountain Essay924 Words   |  4 PagesThe raison d’etre of the Western is arguably to celebrate masculinity, but Brokeback Mountain is a revisionary Western that challenges definitions of masculinity. Discuss this statement with reference to Jane Marie Gaines’s and Charlotte Cornelia Herzog’s comments on the homoeroticism of the Western. The Western genre is undoubtedly one that is governed by the traditional male hero and its masculine stereotypes. Rarely does the genre break away from this mould, however Ang Lees renowned filmRead MoreEssay about Masculinity786 Words   |  4 PagesMasculinity The definition of masculinity; Is the fact of being a man or having qualities considered typical of a man. I was stuck in that sentence that what is the qualities considered typical of a man. What is the quality of man, what is considered as a typical of a man? 1. Identities According to Victor, since the 1960s the challenges of feminism made men feel uneasy and confused about their power and identity. Women insisted that men had also to be more emotionally involved in relationshipRead MoreFeminism and Masculinity Essay836 Words   |  4 Pagescontemporary society, hegemonic masculinity is defined by physical strength and boldness, heterosexuality, economic independence, authority over women and other men, and an interest in sexual relationships. While most men do not embody all of these qualities, society supports hegemonic masculinity within all its institutions, including the educational institute, the religious institute and other institutes which form the ideological state apparatus. Standards of masculinity vary from time to time, from

Punctuating With Semicolons Avoiding the Full-Stop

The semicolon (;) is a mark of punctuation  most commonly used to separate independent clauses  that share the same general idea or ideas, suggesting a closer connection between the clauses than a period does. English author  Beryl Bainbridge described the semicolon as a different way of pausing, without using a full stop.  Semicolons still appear fairly often in academic writing; however, they have fallen out of fashion in less formal kinds of prose  Ã¢â‚¬â€ as Associated Press editor Rene Cappon advises, you would do well to keep semicolons at a minimum. That said, semicolons can also be used to separate items in a series containing commas  to distinguish each item from the next group of items. Learning  how to use the semicolon  effectively can drastically improve the flow and clarity of a written work. Rules and Usage Although contentious in the modern literary world, semicolon usage has a long history of serving a vital purpose in written English, allowing for a flow and eloquence to prose, a rhythm set by variations in punctuation as well as word choice. The most useful and indeed practical usage rule for semicolons might be its usage to separate items in a list that contains commas. This is especially useful when separating lists of people and their job titles — such as I met John, the painter; Stacy, the business executive; Sally, the lawyer; and Carl, the Lumberjack at the weekend retreat — to prevent confusion. As Irish author Anne Enright put it in Jon Henleys The End of the Line, the semicolon is also useful when you need a sentence to shift or surprise; to be modified or amended; it allows a generosity, lyricism, and ambiguity to creep into the sentence structure. Basically, Enright posits that semicolons have their purpose, but should be used with care to avoid seeming self-indulgent or linking too many independent clauses together without giving the reader a break. The Decline of Semicolons This idea that semicolons are meant to provide a pause but still link independent clauses together in a piece of writing has all but died out in modern English usage, at least according to some English critics like Donald Barthelme, who describes the punctuation mark as ugly, ugly as a tick on a dogs belly. Sam Roberts says in Seen on the Subway, that In literature and journalism, to say nothing of advertising, the semicolon has been largely jettisoned as a pretentious anachronism. Especially by Americans, wherein we prefer shorter sentences without, as stylebooks advise, that distinct division between statements that are closely related but require a separation more prolonged than a conjunction and more emphatic than a comma. Critics across the board argue that semicolons, though highly useful in scholarly articles and academic papers, are best left to use there and have no usage in modern prose and poetry, where they come across as inauthentic and braggadocious. How to Use Semicolons Another possibility is that some writers simply dont know how to use the semicolon correctly and effectively. And so, for the benefit of those writers, lets examine its three main uses. In each of these examples, a period could be used instead of the semicolon, though the effect of balance might be diminished. Also, because in each case the two clauses are short and contain no other marks of punctuation, a comma might replace the semicolon. Strictly speaking, however, that would result in a  comma splice, which would trouble some readers (and teachers and editors). Use a semicolon between closely related  main clauses  not  joined by a  coordinating conjunction  (and, but, for, nor, or, so, yet). In most cases, we mark the end of a main clause (or  sentence) with a period. However, a semicolon may be used instead of a period to separate two main clauses that are closely connected in meaning or that express a clear contrast. Examples: I never vote for anyone; I always vote against.(W. C. Fields)Life is a foreign language; all men mispronounce it.(Christopher Morley)I believe in getting into hot water; it keeps you clean.(G. K. Chesterton)Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things.(Peter Drucker) Use a semicolon between main clauses linked by a  conjunctive adverb  (such as  however  and  therefore) or  transitional expression (such as  in fact  or  for example). Examples: Words rarely express the true meaning;  in fact,  they tend to hide it.(Hermann Hesse)It is forbidden to kill;  therefore, all murderers are punished unless they kill in large numbers and to the sound of trumpets.(Voltaire)The fact that an opinion has been widely held is no evidence whatever that it is not utterly absurd;  indeed, in view of the silliness of the majority of mankind, a widespread belief is more likely to be foolish than sensible.(Bertrand Russell)Science in the modern world has many uses; its chief use,  however, is to provide long words to cover the errors of the rich.(G.K. Chesterton) As the last example demonstrates, conjunctive adverbs and transitional expressions are movable parts. Although they commonly appear in front of the  subject, they may also show up later in the sentence. But regardless of where the transitional term makes its appearance, the semicolon (or, if you prefer, the period) belongs at the end of the first main clause. Use a semicolon between items in a  series  when the items themselves contain commas or other marks of punctuation. Ordinarily, items in a series are separated by commas, but replacing them with semicolons can minimize confusion if commas are needed in one or more of the items. This use of the semicolon is especially common in business and technical writing. Examples: The sites being considered for the new Volkswagen plant are Waterloo, Iowa; Savannah, Georgia; Freestone, Virginia; and Rockville, Oregon.Our guest speakers will be Dr. Richard McGrath, professor of economics; Dr. Beth Howells, professor of English; and Dr. John Kraft, professor of psychology.There were other factors, too: the deadly tedium of small-town life, where any change was a relief; the nature of current Protestant theology, rooted in Fundamentalism and hot with bigotry; and, not least, a native American moralistic blood lust that is half historical determinism, and half Freud.(Robert Coughlan) The semicolons in these sentences help readers recognize the major groupings and make sense of the series. Note that in cases such as these, semicolons are used to separate  all  the items.

Knowledge Encyclopedia - DK and Smithsonian Institution

Non Profit Organizations That Help Those With Disabilities

Disabled people often deal with many challenges every day. Tasks that normal people do daily are very delicate and difficult for disabled people. People with disabilities are treated differently than those who do not have a disability. A disability is a physical or mental condition that limits a person’s movements, senses, or activities. Learning about people living with a disability can help overcome misinformation and misunderstanding. There are about seven billion people in the world. Approximately fifteen percent of the world’s population lives with some form of disability. There are two types of disabilities - impairment and handicaps. While a disability is a life-changing challenges experience, most people find impressive and innovative ways to cope in their lives. There are many non-profit organizations that help those with disabilities. The Arc is selected as number one on top non-profit working for people with disabilities for more than sixty years and is the largest national community-based organization. They serve people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, helping to support people with disabilities. Parents who have children with disabilities talk with a group of parents to discuss the problems of disabilities. Parents and The Arc want the children with disabilities have a fulfilling life, and not have a difficult time growing up. The Arc helps make changes for those people diagnosed with other ranges of disabilities. The ArcShow MoreRelatedCultural Change Initiative - Timely, A Non Profit Organization1430 Words   |  6 PagesCultural Change Initiative – Timely, a Non-Profit Organization The organization I would like to lead in a cultural change is a non-profit I have been a volunteer at for over a year. In order to respect the privacy of this non-profit, I will refer to them by the name of Timely. In my time spent at Timely, I have noticed lack of diversity in the board members, employees, and volunteers. The non-profit works towards helping those from a diverse background and demographic. Therefore, I have thoughtRead MoreCultural Change Initiative : Timely, A Non Profit Organization1517 Words   |  7 PagesState College Cultural Change Initiative – Timely, a Non-Profit Organization The organization I would like to lead in a cultural change is a non-profit I have been a volunteer at for over a year. In order to respect the privacy of this non-profit, I will refer to them by the name of Timely. In my time spent at Timely, I have noticed lack of diversity in the board members, employees, and volunteers. The non-profit works towards helping those from a diverse background and demographic. Therefore,Read MoreChanging A Little At A Time1306 Words   |  6 Pagesgoal, to make a difference, no matter how much money I have. I have decided that in my own community I can make a difference with those in poverty, disabilities, and other issues that may arise. Growing up I had big dreams about making a difference. It was something that I felt really strongly about. I had dreams to go live in a foreign county to give service and help their community. I had dreams to go to Zambia, Africa where a family friend established a school. I wanted to go teach at the schoolRead MoreComparative Studies1237 Words   |  5 PagesComparative Studies Dominique Comparative Studies There are many forms of health care organizations, they are grouped by their financial structures, and sources of funding. The three types that exist in the United States are for-profit, non-profit, and government funded organizations. The financial resources and how profit is appropriated are different amongst all three types of organizations. Government Funded The most well-known government funded health care system is the Department ofRead MoreCommunity Service: Specific Programs for Specific Needs1045 Words   |  5 PagesService organizations have always played a vital role in society. For decades, those in need have always been able to find assistance with basic needs at a local church or shelter. As society has evolved, so has the availability and types of assistance that can be found. There are now various charitable organizations offering a wide range of specialized services to those in need. Owasso Community Resources and Goodwill Industries of Tulsa are two such organizations. Both are registered non-profitsRead MoreA Health Care Delivery System905 Words   |  4 Pages Able 2 is a non-profit organization aiming to support, advocate, and provide services to disabled persons. What was once a small, parent-led association for children with cerebral palsy, is now a much larger agency that delivers assistance, housing, and many other services to the developmentally disabled community and their families in the rural areas of upstate New York. Applying the Roemer Model to Able 2’s health care system gives a meaningful understanding of its organization, and recommendationsRead MoreDisabled Care in Brunei914 Words   |  4 Pagescare is categorised as people who are lack of abilities to function properly in their daily life for example physical disability, sensory disability, vision impairment or mental health problems. According to the United Nation, in 2012 there were 4,148 people or 1.06% of the total population consists of people with disability in Brunei (Mahmud, 2013). There are several non-profit organisations established in Brunei with the purpose of providing specialised care for the disabled such as SMARTER, TheRead MoreThe Fight Against Poverty Around The World1394 Words   |  6 Pages The social enterprises open a variety of employment opportunities for the people with disabilities, ma rginalized groups, youth, and women. In many countries the social enterprises are working closely together with the governmental organizations, both at national and local level. Today, entrepreneurs and enterprises with social responsibility around the world receive support from the non-profit organizations, foundations, governments, and individuals. However, despite the fact that the benefitsRead MoreDelivery Of Services At Local Libraries1169 Words   |  5 Pageswould like to participate in. In addition, those who do not require residential care but still are in need of disability services can receive support programs to help with daily functions. Able 2’s Day Habilitation provides their clients with social workers, nursing personnel, speech pathologists, occupational and physical therapy, as well as dietician guidance and physiological support (Able 2, 2016g). In addition to providing outside services to clients, those who require residential care receive aroundRead MoreThe Model Of A Health Care Delivery S ystem1165 Words   |  5 Pagesdelivery system shows the different necessary elements for a system to be successful. As health needs are the input; the system needs resources, organization of programs, economic support mechanisms, and delivery of services to provide the health needs output (Roemer, p 33). Able 2 is an organization that provides services to people with disabilities. They have many resources, but perhaps not enough to meet the health needs of every consumer. They have well organized programs, have economic support

Teacher Centered And Learner Centered Free Essays

Student-Centered Student-centered learning is viewed as a progressive approach to teaching. The focus in student-centered learning is to make students more aware of the material they are learning and why it is important. Teachers want to make students more active in the classroom, by encouraging them to interact with one another. We will write a custom essay sample on Teacher Centered And Learner Centered or any similar topic only for you Order Now The teacher measures achievement based on individual student performance, instead of comparing each person to their peers. Teachers practicing student-centered learning techniques encourage students to create their own learning goals. Instead of writing objectives on the syllabus that states the material that will be covered during the course, these teachers write objectives displaying the knowledge the student will gain after completing the course. Teachers encourage students to learn through activities such as classroom debates, discussions, peer mentoring, field trips, creating individual portfolios and participating in both self and peer reviews. By incorporating these activities into the lesson, teachers want students to learn skills that can be transferred to other activities in their students’ lives. Teacher-Centered Teacher-centered learning is the traditional approach used by educators in the classroom. This method of teaching is very regimented. Teachers choose the course material based on the curriculum they are required to cover by the end of the semester. Student success is based upon a measure of individual performance in comparison to the work of the rest of the class. Emphasis is placed on the instructor in a teacher-centered classroom. The lecture follows a strict format where the teacher talks and the students listen to what she has to say. The classroom is very quiet, as students work on assignments individually, instead of with their peers. Classroom objectives are measured upon the amount of material covered, not necessarily the level of learning achieved by each student. Students are all given the same learning goals, which are based on the information covered in class. How to cite Teacher Centered And Learner Centered, Papers

Rhodas Diary The Withered Arm by Thomas Hardy Essay Example For Students

Rhodas Diary The Withered Arm by Thomas Hardy Essay Entry 1: I dont really want Farmer Lodge to marry another woman, quite obviously. He is my sons father, and my son deserves better than not to have a father. I dont love Farmer Lodge, quite the opposite actually. I did love him once, but not anymore, he has done too much damage to my life. But his marrying has reawakened some of my previous feelings, and as much as I hate to admit, I am a bit jealous of her. I want to know why he chose her. Is she pretty? Tall? What colour hair does she have? What colour eyes? Is she clever? And what does she do for a living? I have heard she is very young, about nineteen some say. Maybe he married a younger woman to have more children. But I suppose if the case was that he wanted more children, then surely hed have married me. I dont know what to think anymore. People have been saying Id be upset by their marriage, but Im not. I only feel bitter towards Farmer Lodge for what he did to me. But I dont believe I should even feel that as he has given me a beautiful son. I sent my son earlier on to have a look at his new wife, he said she was very pretty. I think he was a bit taken by her, but thinking about it, he is at an age where he is taking more interest in women. I only wish he would take interest in girls his own age. However, he also told me that she was a lady complete, not much like a girl of her age. Her ways be quite a womans, he said, her hair is lightish, and her face as comely as a dolls. He also told me her eyes were blue and she has a red mouth and white teeth. Of course she looks better than I do. I asked him to go to the church the next day and tell me if she is tall, and if she has hands that have been worked, worn hands like mine. He came back and told me she was quite short, and her hands were covered with gloves. She seems to be a rich Farmers daughter. Well, Lodge wouldnt even think about marrying a pauper, I know that from experience. Entry 2: I had a dream only a few days ago. I saw a mad woman waving her hand in my face, showing me quite clearly her ringed finger. She was teasing me with her ring as if I were a cat and she a fly. I felt threatened, and she was coming closer. I was scared. She was laughing hysterically. I didnt know what to do. She was so close. I could feel the vibration of her laughter as I shielded my eyes from her. Suddenly, I felt angry. Without thinking I grabbed her arm and hurled her backwards into the wall. It was then that I realised who she was. Gertrude Lodge. I awoke drenched in cold sweat as the clock struck two. Panicking I looked around. I saw no one. I got up and had a look outside on the hill. Nobody was there. I went back to bed. It was just a dream, a nightmare; they come and go all the time. Id have seen Gertrude if she really did come to my home; after all, nobody can disappear over a hill that steep so quickly. Some time later, Gertrude came to our house. She was exactly as my son had described her. She had bought some new boots for him, as if I dont do enough for him. I was thinking about my dream when he was trying on his boots. The boy had said hed heard a noise from my bed that night, but had just ignored it as he thought Id fallen out of my bed. However, this Gertrude was a civilised, kind, caring person, not mentioning considerate. She didnt seem to have the resentment and mad gleam in her eye. As she departed, I said to her, I hope you will find this air will agree with you, maam, and not suffer from the damp water meads. Though now you remind me, she replied, I have one little ailment, which puzzles me. It is nothing serious, but I cannot make it out. And she uncovered her wound. I stared aghast. I didnt know what to say. I didnt have anything to say. It was then that I felt the first twinges of realisation that maybe the gossip was true. Maybe I was witch. I had laughed off the thought, but I was jealous of Gertrude. How did it happen? I said almost inaudibly after Id recovered from the shock. She couldnt tell how it happened, she didnt seem too concerned about it, and thought it would go away in a few weeks. She playfully blamed it on her husband. Then she told me on which night it came, A fortnight ago on the morrow, she said, when I awoke I could not remember where I was till the clock striking two reminded me. I thought then, and it couldnt be coincidence because in the dream I remember feeling her arm when I grabbed it. I feel so guilty. Maybe I have magical powers that I use against my will. How else could she have been struck? It was against my will to hurt her in any way, and Gertrude is such a nice, kind person; I dont want her to find out about what Ive done to her arm. I do so truly and sincerely hope that it will soon heal. Such an innocent, perfect girl, and Ive spoiled her appearance. A level media studies book EssayI dont believe their marriage is going too well and Gertrude apparently hasnt been able to have any children, that was probably why he was pleased to see me, and why he was so eager for my son to win his trial. I have just been to the trial. I wasnt much of a trial. The lawyer defended his case, and in the end there were many people cheering for him. Many people know my son is innocent. But in the end it was the judges decision to execute my son. How dare he play the role of god and decide whether or not a man should die! I am absolutely distraught and totally drained. We havent a hope in the world. Whos going to help us now? Its too late. I think they know hes innocent, but there have been so many suspicious arson attacks in the area that the judge wanted to show the consequences so people get scared to do such things. But I dont think they will understand. I went to see the executor with Mr Lodge, and he said that wed be able to have the body for burial and to come and take it straight after the execution. He also said that they always waited for the morning post in case there is a reprieve of the execution. I do hope very much that there is a reprieve, I cannot bear to see my very own son die, hes the only friend and family Ive got. He is so frightened about the execution. I think he is trying to be brave, however, last night, he was crying and he asked me how I was going to cope without him. I couldnt answer him that. He told me he wished hed never been there at the time of the arson attack, he was only curious to see what was going on. The execution has taken place and I wish not to talk about it. As we went to see his dead body, I saw a women put her arm on my sons neck. At first, I was shocked; horrified by anybody who would want to do such a thing. Then I saw who it was and a huge wave of anger rushed through my body like ice. I stared for a moment, speechless. Then I think farmer lodge realised who it was and called, Damn you! I couldnt control my rage then and suddenly I saw the Gertrude I had seen so many years ago in that dream. I, once again, took her arm and slammed her into the wall with all my might. I was extremely upset. I had my eyes closed and I was weeping. I heard nothing, so I look up and saw that she lying unconscious on the cold stone floor. Within a few days, I heard that Gertrude had died. She had been trying to turn her blood, but it had turned too far. Maybe she was also a witch; she might have cursed the judge into convicting my son guilty. I dont feel anything knowing she is dead. Im not happy because in the end she turned out to be a horrible person. But nor am I sad because she was once a good friend. I have now had enough pain and anguish to last me a lifetime. I dont think my situation can get any worse. Farmer Lodge is leaving Holmstoke and has sold all his property. He sent a message for me to go and live in my old home in Holmstoke. I will be working at the same old dairy where I suppose I will work for the rest of my life. I have heard rumours that Farmer Lodge has died of a heart attack. I dont believe such a thing he was only forty-six. He probably took some drugs. I dont feel upset about his death, but Im not happy about it because he turned out to be a good person in the end and even after everything he did to me, I still forgive him. But I will never be able to forget what he did to me. It will always be there at the back of my mind. Unlike me, Farmer Lodge got nothing out of life, he had a wife, but love only lasted a few months. He had a son who he didnt want, but he never got a son that he wanted who could inherit his fortune. I had a beautiful son to look after, he was the only thing that kept me going, but now I have nothing. I miss my son so terribly, but there is nothing, absolutely nothing I can do to bring him back. Not a moment goes by where I dont think of my son and what he could have been. I often think of what my life would have been like if I hadnt been pregnant. Would Farmer Lodge have married me? Maybe, maybe not, nobody will ever know. I dont know what Im going to do now with my life. I suppose it will revolve around home and work, but I will never be able to improve my life. It will always stay the same, and each day will be the same as the last, nothing will get better, nothing will change.

Divine Revelation free essay sample

What is Revelation? Our starting point is to understand the concept of revelation. A simple definition of revelation is this: revelation is the disclosure or unveiling of something that has been concealed. It is the lifting of an obscuring veil, so as to disclose something that was formerly hidden. It is of a different order from our ordinary matter-of-fact knowing of the world in that the initiative lies with that which is known. In the revelatory process, the knower does not discover something; it is disclosed to him or her. This is the essential element to the idea of revelation: its gift-like character. 1 That this is St Paul’s self-understanding of revelation is evident from the following scripture verses which originated from him: Now to him who is able to establish you in accordance with my gospel, the message I proclaim about Jesus Christ, in keeping with the revelation of the mystery hidden for long ages past, but now revealed and made known through the prophetic writings by the command of the eternal God, so that all the Gentiles might come to the obedience that comes from faith— to the only wise God be glory forever through Jesus Christ! Amen. (Rom 16:25-27) What no eye has seen, nor ear heard, nor the heart of man conceived†¦God has revealed to us through the Spirit. (1 Cor 2:9-10) Disclosure vs Discovery In defining revelation, a distinction has been made between disclosure and discovery. These two words are not sufficiently differentiated in common speech. Yet the distinction is key to a proper understanding of revelation. As the following news report effectively illustrates, disclosure differs in meaning from discovery: The police had arrested a man of whose complicity in a crime they had much evidence. It was said in the paper that they had discovered certain facts about the man which pointed to his implication in the alleged crime. There was not, however, sufficient evidence to fasten it finally upon him. So they went to work upon him with several hours of continuous questioning, until at last he broke down and confessed. In the confession, said the paper, he disclosed to the police certain things which they had not discovered, which, indeed, almost certainly they could never, without the suspect’s aid, have laid bare at all. 2 So revelation is self-disclosure of God to humankind, not human discovery. It is a process initiated by God, not a human insight or achievement. In the revelatory experience, it is as if the holy breaks-in upon us. Necessity of Revelation Why is it necessary for God to make himself known? We can think of two considerations but there are several more. God is transcendent-he is wholly ‘other’. Thus, Kierkegaard speaks of ‘the infinite qualitative distinction’ between us and God. It should be noted that the distinction between God and us is a severe one. Giving his take on God’s transcendence, William Nicholls writes, ‘God differs from ourselves not merely in degree, as would be the case if we were both spirits and he the greatest of spirits, but in kind. He is above us not only morally but ontologically, as he is above everything else that he has made, far removed from us in the mystery of his divine being. He is above everything that we can conceive, and any image that we could form of him, even the highest mental image, would be a travesty of what he really is, an insult to the divine majesty. ’3 A number of scripture passages lend support to the concept of divine transcendence: ‘For my thoughts are not your thoughts, neither are your ways my ways’, declares the LORD. ‘As the heavens are higher than the earth, so are my ways higher than your ways and my thoughts than your thoughts. ’ (Is 55:8,9) The LORD is exalted over all the nations, his glory above the heavens. Who is like the LORD our God, the One who sits enthroned on high, who stoops down to look on the heavens and the earth? (Ps 113:5,6). God is the hidden God, or to use a Latin expressionDeus absconditus. The subject of God’s hiding is quite intriguing. In a final conversation with Moses, God tells him, ‘I will certainly hide my face in that day because of all their wickedness in turning to other gods. ’ God’s hiddenness is a concept that cuts to the core of the psalmists’ understanding of God and of themselves (see Ps 10:11; 13:2; 88:15, 89:46, etc). The phenomenon of divine hiddenness is not unknown to Isaiah who cries out: â€Å"Truly you are a God who hides himself, O God of Israel, the Saviour. † (Isaiah 45:15). Given God’s transcendence and his hiddenness, God cannot be known other than by or through revelation. Validity Before we can proceed further we need to satisfy ourselves that it is reasonable to believe that there has been a revelation from God. If there has not been a revelation, and if God has not spoken then our discussion must end here. Gerald Downing understood how essential it was to ask after the question of whether revelation from God had been given. He devoted an entire book to the quest, and entitled it Has Christianity a Revelation? (1964). Unfortunately, Downing drew the conclusion that there has not been any revelation. As people of faith we can simply believe that divine revelation had been given. British theologian Austin Farrer has spoken that the â€Å"instinct of our faith† would react against any denial of revelation. But belief that God has revealed himself to humankind may be robustly defended as being philosophically valid. As Paley has argued: †¦given that there is a Godwho is by definition, goodand that the human race lies in ignorance of things important for them to know, it is a priori to some extent to be expected that God would give a revelation to men. Biblical Evidences It may be useful to look at some evidences in the Bible for our belief that God has indeed revealed himself. Here are just a few: God said to them (Aaron and Miriam), When a prophet of the LORD is among you, I reveal myself to him in visions; I speak to him in dreams†¦ With (Moses) I speak face to face†¦. † (Num 12:6-8). The LORD continued to appear at Shiloh, and there he revealed himself to Samuel through his word. (1 Sam 3:21) The LORD has made his salvation known and revealed his righteousness to the nations. (Ps 98:2). I revealed myself to those who did not ask for me; I was found by those who did not seek me. † (Is 65:1) Now to him who is able to establish you by my gospel and the proclamation of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery hidden for long ages past, but now revealed and made known through the prophetic writings by the command of the eternal God, so that all nations might believe and obey himto the only wise God be glory forever through Jesus Christ! Amen. (Rom 16:25-27) In reading this, then, you will be able to understand my insight into the mystery of Christ, which was not made known to men in other generations as it has now been revealed by the Spirit to Gods holy apostles and prophets. (Eph 3:4-6) It is thus a fundamental Christian belief that God had revealed himself or information about himself. If God had not done so, we will have little knowledge about him. General Special Revelation In the field of Christian theology two types of divine communication are noted: one through the created order, and the other through God’s Word. We call the first type general revelation and the second special revelation. The two differ in their audiences and in their aims. General revelation is given to all peoples of all times, whether Christian or not. It is the fingerprint of God or marks left on the works of creation. The heavens declare the glory of God; the skies proclaim the work of his hands. (Ps 19:1) For since the creation of the world Gods invisible qualities-his eternal power and divine nature-have been clearly seen, being understood from what has been made, so that men are without excuse. (Rom 1:20) John Calvin taught that God had planted within all people a sense of divinity and that there are signs of God in nature but he held that our minds had become so dull through sin that we derived no profit from these manifestations. Special Revelation, on the other hand, is given to specific people at specific times. It is a message from God explaining his purpose, a special communication which discloses God’s character and his plans for human beings. Special revelation is both living and written-the living message came in the life and ministry of Jesus Christ; the written message comes in the Bible. The Word became flesh and made his dwelling among us. (John 1:14) In the past God spoke to our forefathers through the prophets at many times and in various ways, but in these last days he has spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed heir of all things, and through whom he made the universe. (Heb 1:1-2) The usefulness of the distinction between general and special revelation has sometimes been questioned. The problem is not with the term ‘special revelation’ since this refers to divine disclosure through unique historical events. It is ‘general revelation’ that has been a source of controversy. If one is able to learn something about God from the created order, it is questionable whether revelation is needed at all. 4 Why then do we continue to speak of general revelation? We can use the term in a creative wayto point to the inadequacy of natural theology in revealing the fullness of the divine plan for human salvation. Inscripturation of Revelation In the account of revelation given above, we seem to be talking about directly given revelation. Actually the occurrences of such revelation are rare. The original disclosure of the holy belongs to times past. What about the experience of revelation for us who live many years removed from the original disclosure? John MacQuarrie uses the term ‘primordial’ revelation to distinguish it from ‘secondary’ revelation. By the former is meant that revelatory event upon which a community of faith is founded, and which becomes a pattern for experiences of the holy within that community. By secondary revelation is meant those events through which the primordial revelation becomes alive again for successive generations. After a primordial revelation had occurred, a record is made some time later. That record is what we now call scripture. The process is sometimes known as ‘inscripturation. ’ Today, we read that record in the midst of life’s events and sometimes as we do, the record comes alive and there is again a moment of revelation. Because revelation has been recorded as scripture, it is therefore a primary source of theology and therefore a basic category in theological thinking.

Hindu Mythology Research Paper Example

Hindu Mythology Paper In Hindu mythology, dance is believed to have been conceived by Brahma. Brahma inspired the sage Bharata Muni to write the Natya Shastra, a treatise on performing arts, from which a codified practice of dance and drama emerged. [3] He used pathya (words) from the Rigveda, abhinaya (gestures) from the Yajurveda, geet (music) from the Samaveda and rasa (emotions) from the Atharvaveda to form the Natyaveda (body of knowledge about dance). [4]The best-known of Hindu deities—Shiva, Kali and Krishna—are typically represented dancing. 5] Shivas cosmic dance, tandava, Kalis dance of creation and destruction and Krishnas dance with the gopikas (cow-herd girls)—Rasa Lila—are popular motifs in Hindu mythology. [6] In ancient India, there were no dedicated auditorium halls or theaters, and dance was usually a functional activity dedicated to worship, entertainment or leisure. Dancers usually performed in temples, on festive occasions and seasonal harvests. Dance was performed on a regular basis before deities as a form of worship. 7] Even in modern India, deities are invoked through religious folk dance forms from ancient times. [8] Classical dance forms such asBharata Natyam use mudras or hand gestures also to retell episodes of mythological tales such as the slaying of Kaliya by Krishna. [9] Gradually dancers, particularly from South India, moved from temples to houses of royal families where they performed exclusively for royalty. [10] India offers a number of classical Indian dance forms, each of which can be traced to different parts of the country. We will write a custom essay sample on Hindu Mythology specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Hindu Mythology specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Hindu Mythology specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Classical and folk dance forms also emerged from Indian traditions, epics and mythology. [11] There are many Indian folk dances such as Bhangra, Bihu, Ghumura Dance, Sambalpuri,Chhau and Garba and special dances observed in regional festivals such as Lohri[12] and Navratri. [13][14] The presentation of Indian dance styles in film, Hindi Cinema, has exposed the range of dance in India to a global audience. [1 Once Gods called a council and were surprised to find out that they had nothing to do. There was absolutely nothing to occupy their minds with or draw their attention to. They realized that they must put an end to such situation and after taking council with each other they decided to retell stories with the help of gestures and motions. So the art of dance and drama came into being. All this happened approximately in the era which is called the Golden Age or Krita Yuga in Indian mythology. No one heard anything about the art of neither dance nor drama then. The Golden Age lasted for hundreds of thousands of years and then according to cosmic laws Krita Yuga was replaced by Treta Yuga and everything in the world underwent great changes. Ideals, morals, ethics were distorted. People were unsatisfied and bored. And then Indra, after calling the council of Gods suggested that they made a request to Brahma to create such an art that would be pleasant for both eyes and ears like the most beautiful things in the world, the art for the highest castes and at the same time available even to the lowest castes which were forbidden to study Vedas. The Lord Brahma heeded their request and went into the state of meditation. In his mind he called for the four sacred Vedas, the embodiment of the eternal truths in Hinduism, and took the very essence from each of the four.

A Burlesque Biography By Mark Twain English Literature Essay Essays

A Burlesque Biography By Mark Twain English Literature Essay Essays A Burlesque Biography By Mark Twain English Literature Essay Paper A Burlesque Biography By Mark Twain English Literature Essay Paper alternatively of Higgins, is a enigma which none of us has of all time felt much desire to stir. It is a sort of vague, reasonably love affair, and we leave it entirely. All the old households do that manner. Arthour Twain was a adult male of considerable note a canvasser on the main road in William Rufus s clip. At about the age of 30 he went to one of those all right old English topographic points of resort called Newgate, to see about something, and neer returned once more. While there he died all of a sudden. Augustus Twain seems to hold made something of a splash about the twelvemonth 1160. He was as full of merriment as he could be, and used to take his old sabre and sharpen it up, and acquire in a convenient topographic point on a dark dark, and stick it through people as they went by, to see them leap. He was a born humourist. But he got to traveling excessively far with it ; and the first clip he was found depriving one of these parties, the governments removed one terminal of him, and put it up on a nice high topographic point on Temple Bar, where it could contemplate the people and have a good clip. He neer liked any state of affairs so much or stuck to it so long. Then for the following two hundred old ages the household tree shows a sequence of soldiers baronial, ebullient chaps, who ever went into conflict vocalizing, right behind the ground forces, and ever went out a-whooping, right in front of it. This is a scathing reproof to old dead Froissart s hapless humor that our household tree neer had but one limb to it, and that that one stuck out at right angles, and bore fruit winter and summer. Early on in the 15th century we have Beau Twain, called the Scholar. He wrote a beautiful, beautiful manus. And he could copy anybody s manus so closely that it was adequate to do a individual laugh his caput off to see it. He had infinite athletics with his endowment. But by and by he took a contract to interrupt rock for a route, and the raggedness of the work spoiled his manus. Still, he enjoyed life all the clip he was in the rock concern, which, with inconsiderable intervals, was some 42 old ages. In fact, he died in harness. During all those long old ages he gave such satisfaction that he neer was through with one contract a hebdomad till the authorities gave him another. He was a perfect pet. And he was ever a favourite with his fellow-artists, and was a conspicuous member of their benevolent secret society, called the Chain Gang. He ever wore his hair short, had a penchant for stripy apparels, and died lamented by the authorities. He was a sensitive loss to his state. For h e was so regular. Some old ages subsequently we have the celebrated John Morgan Twain. He came over to this state with Columbus in 1492 as a rider. He appears to hold been of a crusty, uncomfortable temperament. He complained of the nutrient all the manner over, and was ever endangering to travel ashore unless there was a alteration. He wanted fresh shad. Barely a twenty-four hours passed over his caput that he did non travel tick overing about the ship with his olfactory organ in the air, sneering about the commanding officer, and stating he did non believe Columbus cognize where he was traveling to or had of all time been there earlier. The memorable call of Land Ho! thrilled every bosom in the ship but his. He gazed for a while through a piece of smoke-cured glass at the pencilled line lying on the distant H2O, and so said: Land be hanged it s a raft! When this questionable rider came on board the ship, be brought nil with him but an old newspaper incorporating a hankie marked B. G. , one cotton sock marked L. W. C. , one woolen one marked D. F. , and a night-shirt pronounced O. M. R. And yet during the ocean trip he worried more about his bole, and gave himself more poses about it, than all the remainder of the riders put together. If the ship was down by the caput, and would non maneuver, he would travel and travel his bole farther aft, and so watch the consequence. If the ship was by the after part, he would propose to Columbus to detail some work forces to switch that luggage. In storms he had to be gagged, because his bawlings about his bole made it impossible for the work forces to hear the orders. The adult male does non look to hold been openly charged with any soberly indecent thing, but it is noted in the ship s log as a funny circumstance that albeit he brought his luggage on board the ship in a ne wspaper, he took it ashore in four short pantss, a queensware crate, and a twosome of bubbly baskets. But when he came back insinuating, in an insolent, tittuping manner, that some of this things were losing, and was traveling to seek the other riders luggage, it was excessively much, and they threw him overboard. They watched long and questioningly for him to come up, but non even a bubble rose on the softly ebbing tide. But while every one was most absorbed in staring over the side, and the involvement was momently increasing, it was observed with alarm that the vas was adrift and the anchor-cable hanging hitch from the bow. Then in the ship s dimmed and ancient log we find this quaint note: In clip it was discouvered yt ye troblesome rider hadde gone downe and got ye ground tackle, and toke ye same and solde it to ye dam sauvages from ye inside, stating yt he hadde founde it, ye sonne of a ghun! Yet this ascendant had good and baronial inherent aptitudes, and it is with pride that we call to mind the fact that he was the first white individual who of all time interested himself in the work of promoting and educating our Indians. He built a convenient gaol and set up a gallows, and to his deceasing twenty-four hours he claimed with satisfaction that he had had a more restraining and promoting influence on the Indians than any other reformist that of all time labored among them. At this point the history becomes less blunt and gabby, and stopping points suddenly by stating that the old voyager went to see his gallows execute on the first white adult male of all time hanged in America, and while at that place received hurts which terminated in his decease. The great-grandson of the Reformer flourished in 16 hundred and something, and was known in our annals as the old Admiral, though in history he had other rubrics. He was long in bid of fleets of Swift vass, good armed and manned, and did great service in travel rapidlying up bottoms. Vessels which he followed and kept his bird of Jove oculus on, ever made good just clip across the ocean. But if a ship still loitered in malice of all he could make, his outrage would turn till he could incorporate himself no longer and so he would take that ship place where he lived and maintain it at that place carefully, anticipating the proprietors to come for it, but they neer did. And he would seek to acquire the idling and sloth out of the crewmans of that ship by obliging them to take invigorating exercising and a bath. He called it walking a board. All the students liked it. At any rate, they neer found any mistake with it after seeking it. When the proprietors were late coming for their ships, the Admiral ever burned them, so that the insurance money should non be lost. At last this all right old pitch was cut down in the comprehensiveness of his old ages and awards. And to her deceasing twenty-four hours, his hapless heart-broken widow believed that if he had been cut down 15 proceedingss sooner he might hold been resuscitated. Charles Henry Twain lived during the latter portion of the 17th century, and was a avid and distinguished missionary. He converted 16 thousand South Sea island-dwellers, and taught them that a dog-tooth necklace and a brace of eyeglassess was non plenty vesture to come to divine service in. His hapless flock loved him really, really in a heartfelt way ; and when his funeral was over, they got up in a organic structure ( and came out of the eating house ) with cryings in their eyes, and stating, one to another, that he was a good stamp missionary, and they wished they had some more of him. Pah-go-to-wah-wah-pukketekeewis ( Mighty-Hunter-with-a-Hog-Eye-Twain ) adorned the center of the 18th century, and aided General Braddock with all his bosom to defy the oppressor Washington. It was this ascendant who fired 17 times at our Washington from behind a tree. So far the beautiful romantic narration in the moral story-books is right ; but when that narrative goes on to state that at the 17th unit of ammunition the awe-stricken barbarian said solemnly that that adult male was being reserved by the Great Spirit for some mighty mission, and he dared non raise his blasphemous rifle against him once more, the narrative earnestly impairs the unity of history. What he did state was: It ai nt no ( hic ) no usage. At adult male s so intoxicated he ca nt stan still long plenty for a adult male to hit him. I ( hic ) I ca nt ford to gull off any more amnition on him. That was why he stopped at the 17th unit of ammunition, and it was a good, field, prosaic ground, excessively, and one that easy commends itself to us by the eloquent, persuasive spirit of chance there is about it. I besides enjoyed the story-book narrative, but I felt a marring scruple that every Indian at Braddock s Defeat who fired at a soldier a twosome of times ( two easy grows to seventeen in a century ) , and missed him, jumped to the decision that the Great Spirit was reserving that soldier for some expansive mission ; and so I somehow feared that the lone ground why Washington s instance is remembered and the others forgotten is, that in his the prognostication came true, and in that of the others it did nt. There are non books plenty on Earth to incorporate the record of the prognostications Indians and other unauthorised parties have made ; but one may transport in his greatcoat pockets the record of all the prognostications that have been fulfilled. I will note here, in passing, that certain ascendants of mine are so exhaustively well-known in history by their assumed names, that I have non felt it to be deserving while to brood upon them, or even advert them in the order of their birth. Among these may be mentioned Richard Brinsley Twain, alias Guy Fawkes ; John Wentworth Twain, alias Sixteen-String Jack ; William Hogarth Twain, alias Jack Sheppard ; Ananias Twain, alias Baron Munchausen ; John George Twain, a.k.a. Captain Kydd ; and so there are George Francis Twain, Tom Pepper, Nebuchadnezzar, and Baalam s Ass they all belong to our household, but to a subdivision of it slightly clearly removed from the honest direct line in fact, a collateral subdivision, whose members chiefly differ from the ancient stock in that, in order to get the ill fame we have ever yearned and hungered for, they have got into a low manner of traveling to imprison alternatively of acquiring hanged. It is non good, when composing an autobiography, to follow your lineage down excessively close to your ain clip it is safest to talk merely mistily of your great-grandfather, and so skip from at that place to yourself, which I now do. I was born without dentitions and there Richard III. had the advantage of me ; but I was born without a kyphosis, likewise, and at that place I had the advantage of him. My parents were neither really hapless nor conspicuously honest. But now a idea occurs to me. My ain history would truly look so tame contrasted with that of my ascendants, that it is merely wisdom to go forth it unwritten until I am hanged. If some other lifes I have read had stopped with the lineage until a similar event occurred, it would hold been a felicitous thing for the reading populace. How does it strike you? A Child s Christmas in Wales by Dylan Thomas ( 1914-1953 ) Word Count: 3016 One Christmas was so much like another, in those old ages around the sea-town corner now and out of all sound except the distant speech production of the voices I sometimes hear a minute before slumber, that I can neer retrieve whether it snowed for six yearss and six darks when I was 12 or whether it snowed for 12 yearss and twelve darks when I was six. All the Christmases roll down toward the two-tongued sea, like a cold and hasty Moon roll uping down the sky that was our street ; and they stop at the rim of the ice-edged fish-freezing moving ridges, and I plunge my custodies in the snow and convey out whatever I can happen. In goes my manus into that wool-white bell-tongued ball of vacations resting at the rim of the carol-singing sea, and out come Mrs. Prothero and the firemen. It was on the afternoon of the Christmas Eve, and I was in Mrs. Prothero s garden, waiting for cats, with her boy Jim. It was snowing. It was ever snowing at Christmas. December, in my memory, is white as Lapland, though there were no caribous. But there were cats. Patient, cold and indurate, our custodies wrapped in socks, we waited to snowball the cats. Sleek and long as panthers and horrible-whiskered, ptyalizing and snaping, they would slink and sidle over the white back-garden walls, and the argus-eyed huntsmans, Jim and I, fur-capped and moccasined trappers from Hudson Bay, off Mumbles Road, would hurtle our deathly sweet sand verbenas at the viridity of their eyes. The wise cats neer appeared. We were so still, Eskimo-footed north-polar sharpshooters in the muffling silence of the ageless snows eternal, of all time since Wednesday that we neer heard Mrs. Prothero s first call from her iglu at the underside of the garden. Or, if we heard it at all, it was, to us, like the faraway challenge of our enemy and quarry, the neighbour s polar cat. But shortly the voice grew louder. Fire! cried Mrs. Prothero, and she beat the dinner-gong. And we ran down the garden, with the sweet sand verbenas in our weaponries, toward the house ; and smoke, so, was pouring out of the dining room, and the tam-tam was buzzing, and Mrs. Prothero was denoting ruin like a town weeper in Pompeii. This was better than all the cats in Wales standing on the wall in a row. We bounded into the house, loaded with sweet sand verbenas, and stopped at the unfastened door of the smoke-filled room. Something was firing wholly right ; possibly it was Mr. Prothero, who ever slept at that place after noon dinner with a newspaper over his face. But he was standing in the center of the room, stating, A all right Yule! and thwacking at the fume with a slipper. Name the fire brigade, cried Mrs. Prothero as she beat the tam-tam. There wo nt be at that place, said Mr. Prothero, it s Christmas. There was no fire to be seen, merely clouds of fume and Mr. Prothero standing in the center of them, beckoning his slipper as though he were carry oning. Do something, he said. And we threw all our sweet sand verbenas into the fume I think we missed Mr. Prothero and ran out of the house to the telephone box. Let s name the constabulary every bit good, Jim said. And the ambulance. And Ernie Jenkins, he likes fires. But we merely called the fire brigade, and shortly the fire engine came and three tall work forces in helmets brought a hosiery into the house and Mr. Prothero got out merely in clip before they turned it on. Cipher could hold had a noisy Christmas Eve. And when the firemen turned off the hosiery and were standing in the moisture, smoky room, Jim s Aunt, Miss. Prothero, came downstairs and peered in at them. Jim and I waited, really softly, to hear what she would state to them. She said the right thing, ever. She looked at the three tall firemen in their shining helmets, standing among the fume and clinkers and fade outing sweet sand verbenas, and she said, Would you like anything to read? Old ages and old ages ago, when I was a male child, when there were wolves in Wales, and birds the colour of red-flannel half-slips whisked past the harp-shaped hills, when we sang and wallowed all dark and twenty-four hours in caves that smelt like Sunday afternoons in moist forepart farmhouse parlours, and we chased, with the lower jaws of deacons, the English and the bears, before the motor auto, before the wheel, before the duchess-faced Equus caballus, when we rode the daft and happy hills bareback, it snowed and it snowed. But here a little male child says: It snowed last twelvemonth, excessively. I made a snowman and my brother knocked it down and I knocked my brother down and so we had tea. But that was non the same snow, I say. Our snow was non merely shaken from white wash pails down the sky, it came shawling out of the land and swam and drifted out of the weaponries and custodies and organic structures of the trees ; snow grew nightlong on the roofs of the houses like a pure and gramps moss, circumstantially ivied the walls and settled on the mailman, opening the gate, like a dumb, asleep thunder-storm of white, lacerate Christmas cards. Were there mailmans so, excessively? With scattering eyes and wind-cherried olfactory organs, on spread, frozen pess they crunched up to the doors and mittened on them manly. But all that the kids could hear was a tintinnabulation of bells. You mean that the postman went rat-tat and the doors rang? I mean that the bells the kids could hear were inside them. I merely hear boom sometimes, neer bells. There were church bells, excessively. Inside them? No, no, no, in the bat-black, snowy campaniles, tugged by bishops and storks. And they rang their newss over the bound town, over the frozen froth of the pulverization and ice-cream hills, over the crepitating sea. It seemed that all the churches boomed for joy under my window ; and the weathercocks crew for Christmas, on our fencing. Get back to the mailmans. They were merely ordinary mailmans, found of walking and Canis familiariss and Christmas and the snow. They knocked on the doors with bluish brass knuckss. . . . Ours has got a black knocker. . . . And so they stood on the white Welcome mat in the small, drifted porches and huffed and puffed, doing shades with their breath, and jogged from pes to pick like little male childs desiring to travel out. And so the nowadayss? And so the Presents, after the Christmas box. And the cold mailman, with a rose on his button-nose, tingled down the tea-tray-slithered tally of the chilly glinting hill. He went in his ice-bound boots like a adult male on fishwife s slabs. He wagged his bag like a frozen camel s bulge, giddily turned the corner on one pes, and, by God, he was gone. Get back to the Presents. There were the Useful Presents: steeping silencers of the old manager yearss, and mittens made for elephantine sloths ; zebra scarfs of a substance like satiny gum that could be tug-o-warred down to the arctics ; blinding tammies like hodgepodge tea cosies and bunny-suited bearskins and balaclavas for victims of head-shrinking folks ; from aunts who ever wore wool following to the tegument there were mustached and rasping waistcoats that made you inquire why the aunts had any skin left at all ; and one time I had a small crocheted nose bag from an aunt now, alas, no longer neighing with us. And pictureless books in which little male childs, though warned with citations non to, would skate on Farmer Giles pool and did and drowned ; and books that told me everything about the WASP, except why. Travel on the Useless Presents. Bags of moist and many-colored gelatin babes and a folded flag and a false olfactory organ and a tram-conductor s cap and a machine that punched tickets and peal a bell ; neer a slingshot ; one time, by error that no 1 could explicate, a small tomahawk ; and a synthetic duck that made, when you pressed it, a most unducklike sound, a mewing moo that an ambitious cat might do who wished to be a cow ; and a picture book in which I could do the grass, the trees, the sea and the animate beings any coloring material I pleased, and still the eye-popping azure sheep are croping in the ruddy field under the rainbow-billed and pea-green birds. Hardboileds, brittle, fudge and allsorts, crunches, cracknels, baloneies, glaciers, marchpane, and butterwelsh for the Welsh. And military personnels of bright Sn soldiers who, if they could non contend, could ever run. And Snakes-and-Families and Happy Ladders. And Easy Hobbi-Games for Little Engineers, complete with instructions. Oh, easy for Leonardo ! And a whistling to do the Canis familiariss bark to wake up the old adult male following door to do him crush on the wall with his stick to agitate our image off the wall. And a package of coffin nails: you put one in your oral cavity and you stood at the corner of the street and you waited for hours, in vain, for an old lady to call on the carpet you for smoking a coffin nail, and so with a smirk you ate it. And so it was breakfast under the balloons. Were there Uncles like in our house? There are ever Uncles at Christmas. The same Uncles. And on Christmas forenoon, with dog-disturbing whistling and sugar fairies, I would scour the swatched town for the intelligence of the small universe, and happen ever a dead bird by the Post Office or by the white abandoned swings ; possibly a redbreast, all but one of his fires out. Work force and adult females wading or lift outing back from chapel, with barroom olfactory organs and wind-bussed cheeks, all albinos, powwows their stiff black clashing plumes against the irreligious snow. Mistletoe hung from the gas brackets in all the front parlours ; there was sherry and walnuts and bottled beer and crackers by the dessertspoons ; and cats in their fur-abouts watched the fires ; and the high-heaped fire bicker, all ready for the chestnuts and the mulling fire hooks. Some few big work forces sat in the forepart parlours, without their neckbands, Uncles about surely, seeking their new cigars, keeping them out judiciously at weapon ries length, returning them to their oral cavities, coughing, so keeping them out once more as though waiting for the detonation ; and some few little aunts, non wanted in the kitchen, nor anyplace else for that affair, sat on the really border of their chairs, poised and brickle, afraid to interrupt, like faded cups and disks. Not many those forenoons trod the stacking streets: an old adult male ever, fawn-bowlered, yellow-gloved and, at this clip of twelvemonth, with bickers of snow, would take his constitutional to the white bowling viridity and back, as he would take it wet or fire on Christmas Day or Doomsday ; sometimes two whole immature work forces, with large pipes blazing, no greatcoats and weave blown scarfs, would slog, unspeaking, down to the forlorn sea, to work up an appetency, to blow away the exhausts, who knows, to walk into the moving ridges until nil of them was left but the two roll uping smoke clouds of their inextinguishable sweetbriers. Then I would be slap-dashing place, the gravy odor of the dinners of others, the bird odor, the brandy, the pudding and mince, gyrating up to my anterior nariss, when out of a snow-clogged side lane would come a male child the tongue of myself, with a pink-tipped coffin nail and the violet yesteryear of a black oculus, cocky as a Bullfinch, leering al l to himself. I hated him on sight and sound, and would be about to set my Canis familiaris whistling to my lips and blow him off the face of Christmas when all of a sudden he, with a violet blink of an eye, put his whistling to his lips and blew so stridently, so high, so finely loud, that bolting faces, their cheeks bulged with goose, would press against their tinsled Windowss, the whole length of the white echoing street. For dinner we had Meleagris gallopavo and blazing pudding, and after dinner the Uncles sat in forepart of the fire, loosened all buttons, put their big moist custodies over their ticker ironss, groaned a small and slept. Mothers, aunts and sisters scuttled to and fro, bearing tureens. Auntie Bessie, who had already been frightened, twice, by a clock-work mouse, whimpered at the sideboard and had some elderberry vino. The Canis familiaris was ill. Auntie Dosie had to hold three acetylsalicylic acids, but Auntie Hannah, who liked port, stood in the center of the snowbound back y ard, singing like a big-bosomed thrush. I would blow up balloons to see how large they would blow up to ; and, when they burst, which they all did, the Uncles jumped and rumbled. In the rich and heavy afternoon, the Uncles external respiration like mahimahis and the snow descending, I would sit among festoons and Chinese lanterns and nibble day of the months and seek to do a theoretical account man-o-war, following the Instructions for Little Engineers, and bring forth what might be mistaken for a sea-going tramcar. Or I would travel out, my bright new boots whining, into the white universe, on to the seaward hill, to name on Jim and Dan and Jack and to embroider through the still streets, go forthing immense footmarks on the concealed pavings. I bet people will believe there s been hippos. What would you make if you saw a Hippo coming down our street? I d travel like this, knock! I d throw him over the railings and axial rotation him down the hill and so I d titillate him under the ear and he d wag his tail. What would you make if you saw two Hippo? Iron-flanked and bawling he-hippos clanked and battered through the scudding snow toward us as we passed Mr. Daniel s house. Let s post Mr. Daniel a snow-ball through his missive box. Let s write things in the snow. Let s write, Mr. Daniel looks like a spaniel all over his lawn. Or we walked on the white shore. Can the fishes see it s snowing? The soundless one-clouded celestial spheres drifted on to the sea. Now we were snow-blind travellers lost on the north hills, and huge dewlapped Canis familiariss, with flasks round their cervixs, ambled and shambled up to us, baying Excelsior. We returned home through the hapless streets where merely a few kids fumbled with bare ruddy fingers in the wheel-rutted snow and cat-called after us, their voices melting off, as we trudged acclivitous, into the calls of the dock birds and the hooting of ships out in the gyration bay. And so, at tea the cured Uncles would be reasonably ; and the ice bar loomed in the centre of the tabular array like a marble grave. Auntie Hannah laced her tea with rum, because it was merely one time a twelvemonth. Bringing out the tall narratives now that we told by the fire as the gaslight bubbled like a frogman. Ghosts whooed like bird of Minerva in the long darks when I dared non expression over my shoulder ; animate beings lurked in the pigeonhole under the stepss and the gas metre ticked. And I remember that we went singing carols one time, when there was nt the shave of a Moon to illume the winging streets. At the terminal of a long route was a thrust that led to a big house, and we stumbled up the darkness of the thrust that dark, each one of us afraid, each one keeping a rock in his manus in instance, and all of us excessively brave to state a word. The air current through the trees made noises as of old and unpleasant and possibly webfooted work forces wheezing in caves. We reached the black majority of the house. What shall we give them? Hark the Herald? No, Jack said, Good King Wencelas. I ll number three. One, two three, and we began to sing, our voices high and apparently distant in the snow-felted darkness round the house that was occupied by cipher we knew. We stood close together, near the dark door. Good King Wencelas looked out On the Feast of Stephen. . . And so a little, dry voice, like the voice of person who has non spoken for a long clip, joined our vocalizing: a little, dry, eggshell voice from the other side of the door: a little dry voice through the keyhole. And when we stopped running we were outdoors our house ; the forepart room was lovely ; balloons floated under the hot-water-bottle-gulping gas ; everything was good once more and shone over the town. Possibly it was a shade, Jim said. Possibly it was trolls, Dan said, who was ever reading. Let s travel in and see if there s any jelly left, Jack said. And we did that. Always on Christmas dark at that place was music. An uncle played the violin, a cousin American ginseng Cherry Ripe, and another uncle American ginseng Drake s Drum. It was really warm in the small house. Auntie Hannah, who had got on to the parsnip vino, sang a vocal about Bleeding Hearts and Death, and so another in which she said her bosom was like a Bird s Nest ; and so everybody laughed once more ; and so I went to bed. Looking through my sleeping room window, out into the moonshine and the ageless smoke-colored snow, I could see the visible radiations in the Windowss of all the other houses on our hill and hear the music lifting from them up the long, steady falling dark. I turned the gas down, I got into bed. I said some words to the stopping point and sanctum darkness, and so I slept.